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| branch = | serviceyears = 1915–1968 | rank = Marshal of the Soviet Union | servicenumber = | unit = | commands = | battles = | battles_label = | awards = | spouse = | relations = | laterwork = | signature = | website = }} Ivan Khristoforovich Bagramyan ((アルメニア語:Հովհաննես Քրիստափորի Բաղրամյան); (ロシア語:Ива́н Христофо́рович Баграмя́н)), also known as Hovhannes Khachaturi Baghramyan ((アルメニア語:Հովհաննես Խաչատուրի (alternatively, Քրիստափորի, Kristapori) Բաղրամյան); (ロシア語:Оване́с Хачату́рович Баграмя́н)) ( – 21 September 1982), was a Soviet-Armenian military commander and Marshal of the Soviet Union. During World War II, Bagramyan was the first non-Slavic military officer to become a commander of a Front. He was among several Armenians in the Soviet Army who held the highest proportion of high-ranking officers in the Soviet military during the war.〔Jukes, Geoffrey. "Ivan Khristoferovich Bagramyan" in ''Stalin's Generals''. Harold Shukman (ed.) Phoenix, Arizona: Phoenix Press, 2001, p. 25. ISBN 1-84212-513-3.〕 Bagramyan's experience in military planning as a chief of staff allowed him to distinguish himself as a capable commander in the early stages of the Soviet counter-offensives against Nazi Germany. He was given his first command of a unit in 1942, and in November 1943 received his most prestigious command as the commander of the 1st Baltic Front. As commander of the Baltic Front, he participated in the offensives which pushed German forces out of the Baltic republics. He did not immediately join the Communist Party after the consolidation of the October Revolution, becoming a member only in 1941, a move atypical for a Soviet military officer. After the war, he served as a deputy member of the Supreme Soviets of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic and Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic and was a regular attendee of the Party Congresses. In 1952, he became a candidate for entry into the Central Committee and, in 1961, was inducted as a full member. For his contributions during the war, he was widely regarded as a national hero in the Soviet Union,〔"(Milestones )." ''TIME Magazine''. October 4, 1982. Retrieved May 2, 2007.〕 and continues to hold such esteemed status among Armenians. ==Early life== Ivan Bagramyan was born to Armenian parents in the village of Chardakhlu, near Yelizavetpol (modern Ganja, Azerbaijan), then a part of the Russian Empire. Hamazasp Babadzhanian, a fellow Armenian who was to become the chief marshal of the Soviet Armor corps, was born in the same village. While Bagramyan's father, Khachatur, went to work all day at the railway station in Yelizavetpol, his mother, Mariam, stayed at home to take care of her seven children. Because his parents could not afford to send him to the local ''gymnasium'', they decided to enroll him at a recently opened two-year school in Yelizavetpol.〔 Mnatsakanyan, Aramayis N. ''Մարշալ Բաղրամյան, Կյանքի և Գործունեության Ուրվագիծ'' (''Marshal Baghramyan: An Outline of His Life and Work''). Yerevan: Hayastan Publishing, 1978, p. 10.〕 Graduating in 1912, Bagramyan, whom everyone affectionately called Vanya, followed his father and his brothers in a path in rail work, attending the three-year railway technical institute located in Tiflis.〔 Khaleyan, Yervand M. ''Բաղրամյան, Հովհաննես Խաչատուրի'' (Baghramyan, Hovhannes Khachaturi). Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia. vol. ii. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1976, p. 258.〕 He graduated with honors and was slated to become a railway engineer within a few years when events in the First World War changed his life. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ivan Bagramyan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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